Historical Events for the Year 1930. In the years that followed, much of modern Jamaica was forged. The Arawaks there were also hostile to the Spaniards. He died in 1940. Buccaneering had begun on the islands of Tortuga and Hispaniola. On May 10, 1655, Admiral William Penn and General Robert Venables led a successful attack on Jamaica. For example, the distress caused by a world-wide economic depression, the ruin of the banana industry by the Panama industry Disease, falling sugar prices, growing unemployment aggravated by the curtailment of migration opportunities and a steeply … Jamaica served mainly as a supply base: food, men, arms and horse were shipped here to help in conquering the American mainland. While being the first constitution for the politically independent nation, it was not the first legal framework for the island…Read More, Download The Architects of the Jamaican Constitution, Office: They came from South America 2,500 years ago and named the island Xaymaca, which meant ““land of wood and water”. On August 6, 1962, Jamaica was granted its independence from England. The population of English settlers remained small, but they brought in vast numbers of African slaves to work the sugar estates. Paul Bogle and George William Gordon, now National Heroes, were hanged. Bogle and his men stormed the Morant Bay Courthouse while it was in session. In fact the transportation of slaves became such a regular affair that the journey from Africa to the West Indies became known as the ‘Middle Passage’. Eighth Census of Jamaica and its Dependencies 1943, Kingston, Central Bureau of Statistics, 1945; R Hart, The Origin and Develpment of the People of Jamaica, Kingston, TUC Education Dept., 1952. Soon Jewish settlers came to Jamaica, followed by migrant traders from the Middle East. Historical events from year 1930. Below is a list, ordered by surname and then by forename(s), of some people who were born in Jamaica and whose details were recorded in a census of England, Scotland, or Wales. Visits were also paid to other West Indian colonies for the same reason. Towns were little more than settlements. They built their villages all over the island but most of them settled on the coasts and near rivers as they fished to get food. The rebellion was put down by the Governor, Edward John Eyre. Afterwards, the journey continued to the West Indies where the slaves were landed and sugar, rum and molasses taken aboard for the final leg of the journey back to England. Kingston, the capital of Jamaica, was founded in July 1692 when an earthquake destroyed the nearby city of Port Royal.The most recent census puts its population at 937,700. He started out as a pirate and later became a privateer. In late 1654, English leader Oliver Cromwell launched the Western Design armada against Spain's colonies in the Caribbean. what kind, could they afford food? In the economic chaos that followed emancipation, one event stood out: the Morant Bay Rebellion of 1865. To grow the sugar cane the English brought many more Africans to work as slaves, mostly from the west coast of the continent and from present-day Nigeria. As a result Alexander Bustamante formed a trade union, the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union. Two very dissimilar men, Norman Manley and Alexander Bustamante (who, in a uniquely Jamaican coincidence, happened to be cousins), founded the two major political parties, the People's National Party and the Jamaica Labour Party, respectively. what are the economic, social and living conditions of Jamaica in the 1900s for the rural class of people, did they have houses? Large estates owned by absentee planters were managed by loc… The survivors of the earthquake who re-settled in Kingston abandoned the Port. Jamaica [ʤəˈmeɪkə]) ist ein Inselstaat in der Karibik.Die Hauptstadt Kingston ist auch gleichzeitig die größte Stadt des Landes. List of Surveyors and Planmakers, 1700-1900 2. Many people were still very poor. Die ehemalige britische Kolonie ist Mitglied des Commonwealth of Nations.. Der Name leitet sich vom arawakischen Xaymaca oder Chaymakas ab, was so viel wie Quellenland oder Holz- und Wasserland bedeutet. The constitution provides for the freedom, equality and justice for all who dwell in the country. Though most of the English planters had left the islands and new owners were running the plantations, the old oligarchic system still remained. Alexander Bustamante Alexander Bustamante came on the scene as a leader of the struggle against the existing colonial rule In 1938 things came to a head with widespread violence and rioting. In October 1865, an uprising in St. Thomas, called the Morant Bay Rebellion, was led by Paul Bogle. The following history of Jamaica focuses on events from the time of European contact. Our history speaks to experiences of hardships and prosperity; and the growth and determination of a people. Dec 7, 2013 - Miss Doris James, a well known vocalist at concerts, [1930] Image from National Library of Jamaica Photograph Collection FROM “Our Jamaican Chinese Ladies - An Influence”, PLANTERS PUNCH, Vol.II, No.IV, 1930; p.8-9 Cookies are used for measurement and optimization. The voyage was so named because the journey of a British slaver was 3-sided, starting from England with trade goods, to Africa where these were exchanged for slaves. It is taken from the first volume of Edward Long's 'The History of Jamaica' which traces events on the island from the European occupation in 1655 to the late eighteenth century. The only town that was developed was Spanish Town, the old capital of Jamaica, then called St. Jago de la Vega. He died in 1940. The sugar industry grew so rapidly that the 57 sugar estates in the island in 1673 grew to nearly 430 by 1739. They formed an anti slavery committee which was joined by supporters such as Granville Sharp, James Ramsay, Thomas Clarkson and later on, William Wilberforce. A violent earthquake destroyed Port Royal on June 7, 1692. In Jamaica, the Spanish mariners found a gentle American Indian people, the Tainos, who named the island “Xaymaca”, meaning “land of wood and water”. So successful were the Maroons, fighting from their fortresses, that the English were forced to sign peace treaties granting the Maroons self-government and ceding to them the mountain lands that they inhabited. The concept of Caribbean unity was soon abandoned in 1961 when Jamaicans voted against the Federation of the West Indies. Columbus was then able to land and claim the island. The slave trade became a popular and profitable venture for the colonists. In the 1930’s, politics in Jamaica was born. They continued to ship Africans to the West Indies to be sold to planters who forced them to work on sugar plantations. Today, the foundations of New Seville are under excavation and the search continues for the two ships that Columbus beached nearby. The colonists were impressed with the performance and endurance of the Africans, as well as the fact that African labour was cheaper and more promising. The 1930s saw Jamaica heading towards another crisis. The early period of English settlement in Jamaica, drew much attention to the buccaneers based at Port Royal. As he was determined to annex the island in the name of the king and queen of Spain, he was not deterred. On arrival at St Ann’s Bay, Columbus found the Arawak Indians inhabiting the island. 4, no. For treatments of the island in its regional context, see West Indies and history of Latin America. The island remained poor under Spanish rule as few Spaniards settled here. The Maroons also had several wars against the English. Eyre was subsequently recalled to England but not before exchanging the ancient Constitution for the Crown Colony system. He has since been named a National Hero. Our journey is a truly remarkable story. Although it was felt island-wide, the most extensive loss of life occurred at Port Royal, where a portion of the town sank into the sea. How Do I protect Myself From Cybercrimes? Other countries have taken centuries to grow from their primitive life through the flower and fruit of prosperity into the seed time of picturesque decrepitude. The Jamaica Labour Party's headquarters was once found on Retirement Rd and today can be found on Belmont Rd in Kingston Sources: Bustamante, G. (1997) The Memoirs of Lady Bustamante. The records are handwritten in English on formatted forms. Peter Tosh Memorial Park (Westmoreland)- This memorial (overseen by Tosh’s mother) includes his mausoleum, a small museum/gift shop and memorabilia of the legend’s life. It is taken from the first volume of Edward Long's 'The History of Jamaica' which traces events on the island from the European occupation in 1655 to the late eighteenth century. Tobacco, indigo and cocoa soon gave way to sugar which became the main crop for the island. A severe drought was also in progress and most crops were ruined. The governors were not getting proper support from home and quarrels with church authorities undermined their control. In the 1890s tourists from the USA went to Jamaica on banana boats. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. This occurred on his second voyage to the West Indies. Then in the 1930s Jamaica was badly hit by the depression. His message still resonates with blacks around the world. Arawak Hotel Jamaica Hilton Hotel Sandals Dunn's River Villaggio Jewel Dunn's River Beach Resort. Christopher Tufton, observes boxes with the AstraZeneca vaccines from the Government of South Africa and the African Medical Supply Platform being unloaded on Thursday (April 8), at the Norman Manley International Airport in Kingston. Sires, Ronald V. 'The experience of Jamaica with modified Crown Colony Government', Social and Economic Studies, Vol. This collection contains records for the year 1880 to 1999. Get the Facts – Jamaica’s Vaccination Programme, Get the Facts: Support Mechanisms for Persons with Down Syndrome, Get the Facts – Electronic Land Registration System, Do’s and Don’ts in Communicating with the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, Back to School Health Tips: Properly Wash Your Hands. Frequent attacks by pirates also contributed to the colony’s woes. Jamaica’s recorded history is rife with incidences of felt earthquakes. In 1948 the city became the site of the Mona Campus of the University of West Indies, the first institution of higher learning in Jamaica. 64 Knutsford Boulevard, Kingston 5, Jamaica W.I. The Arawaks were a mild and simple people by nature. He sailed down the coast and docked at Discovery Bay. Then in the 1930s Jamaica was badly hit by the depression. The runaways periodically staged rebellions until the treaty in 1739 that gave them a measure of local autonomy that they still retain today. Trust, 1975. Several slave rebellions stand out in Jamaica’s history for example, the Easter Rebellion of 1760 led by Tacky; and the Christmas Rebellion of 1831 which began on the Kensington Estate in St. James, led by Sam Sharpe. May 9, 2012 - Dr. Hoashoo M.B., one of the two lady doctor in Jamaica, [1930] Image from National Library of Jamaica Photograph Collection FROM “Our Jamaican Chinese Ladies - An Influence”, PLANTERS PUNCH, Vol.II, No.IV, 1930; p.8-9 Haile Selassie I, emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 who sought to modernize his country and who steered it into the mainstream of post-World War II African politics. Indies, Mona has been documenting the history and causes of earthquakes in Jamaica. Plantation Era 5. The greatest buccaneer captain of all was Henry Morgan. Welcome to The Newspaper Archives of The Jamaica Gleaner This online database contains more than 970,000 historical newspaper pages from The Gleaner. Abstract. Roads, bridges and railways (railways became government owned in 1845) were built and cable communication with Europe established (1859). The immediate post slavery days were very difficult for the poorer classes. He brought Ethiopia into the League of Nations and the United Nations and made Addis Ababa the major center for the African Union. 8. A person's name is linked to the reference details of the Public Record Office census document that contains the entry for that person. Compulsory registration of births, marriages, and deaths was introduced in Jamaica in 1878 and was legally implemented in 1880. Map Of Jamaica According To A Survey Made In The Year 1670 This is a map of Jamaica in the year 1670. In his log, he described Jamaica as "the fairest island that eyes have beheld: mountains and the land seem to touch the sky…all full of valleys and fields and plains.” The original inhabitants of Jamaica are believed to be the Arawaks, also called Tainos. History Facts. It was the centre of government and trade and had many churches and convents. The history of Jamaica is a rich and vibrant one, which inspires us to move forward as a nation. 4. She has enjoyed a fever of prosperity founded upon those incalculable treasures poured into her lap by the old time buccaneer pirates. 58a Half Way Tree Road, Kingston 10 Dec 7, 2013 - Miss Louise Wong who is taking music as her avocation, [1930] Image from National Library of Jamaica Photograph Collection FROM “Our Jamaican Chinese Ladies - an influence”, PLANTERS PUNCH, Vol.II, No.IV, 1930; p.8-9 This treaty resulted in a rift among the Maroons as they did not all agree that they should return run-away slaves to the plantations. Fifteen years later in 1509, after their first visit to the island, the first Spanish colonists came here under the Spanish governor Juan de Esquivel. The will of the masses was not deemed important and hence ignored. Fish was also a major part of their diet. On May 5, 1494 Christopher Columbus, the European explorer, who sailed west to get to the East Indies and came upon the region now called the West Indies, landed in Jamaica. The Spaniards actually called the area Las Chorreras, meaning “waterfalls”. In another six years the figure reached to a high of six thousand (6,000). There is a mistaken belief that St Thomas’ only claim to fame and that its importance in Jamaica’s history and development is based soley on the events surrounding the so-called Morant Bay Rebellion and its consequences. Jamaica now has its own constitution which sets out the laws by which the people are governed. The little attention the colony received from Spain soon led to a major reason for internal strife. The English misunderstood, interpreting Las Chorreras to mean “eight rivers”, hence the name Ocho Rios. When the English arrived, the Spaniards fled to the neighboring islands. 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The slaves, however, were unhappy with their status, so they rebelled whenever they could. In the 1930’s, politics in Jamaica was born. Humanitarian groups such as the Quakers publicly protested against slavery and the slave trade. This article focuses on the ways Rastafari in Jamaica practiced statehood and statecraft between the 1930s and early 1960s. George Gordon was a prominent coloured legislator who was sympathetic to the problems of the poor people and was blamed for the trouble caused by the masses. … Under the Spanish settlement the entire Indian population, perhaps a hundred thousand, died from a combination of forced labor and European infections like the common cold, to which they had no immunity. Physically, they were light brown in colour, short and well-shaped with coarse, black hair. The succeeding years saw the island’s recovery and development – social, constitutional and economic, and its evolution into a sovereign state. These were the Bustamante industrial Trade Union (BITU) named after the founder, Sir Alexander Bustamante. Migrants from India and China came as indentured workers for sugar estates and rapidly moved to other occupations. Slavery was abolished in 1834. He is now officially recognized as one of the national heroes of Jamaica history. His message still resonates with blacks around the world. 6th January » The first Diesel engine diesel-engined automobile trip is completed, from Indianapolis Indianapolis, Indiana, to New York City New York, New York. All Rights Reserved. Join Geni to explore your genealogy and family history in the World's Largest Family Tree. This is a virtual genealogy library for those researching family history for Jamaica, West Indies, especially for people born before 1920. Spearheaded by a man now regarded as one of the founding fathers of the modern cruise industry, it was called 'New Experiences' and offered on the Starward , one … The first town was called New Seville or Sevilla la Nueva. Jamaica's white or near-white propertied class continued to hold the dominant position in every respect; the vast majority of the black population remained poor and unenfranchised. He was also the founder and leader of the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), the political party affiliated with the BITU. Between 1865 and 1930, the character of landholding in Jamaica changed substantially, as sugar declined in importance. History Facts. They grew cassava, sweet potatoes, maize (corn), fruits, vegetables, cotton and tobacco. In 1739 and 1740 after two major Maroon Wars, treaties were signed with the British. Other factors included the work of humanitarians who were concerned about the slaves’ well-being. In 1872 the capital of Jamaica was moved to Kingston. By the 1930s Kingston residents formed a trade union movement that eventually became the driving force in the Jamaican independence campaign. The Spaniards surrendered to the English, freed their slaves and then fled to Cuba. JAMAICAN HISTORY 6. The Constitution took effect on August 6,1962 when Jamaica gained political independence from Britain, after more than 300 years of British colonial rule. She has had her experiences and has lived her life rapidly. Jamaika [jaˈmaɪ̯ka]/[dʒ-] (engl. The island’s capital was moved from Spanish Town to Kingston (1872). The 1930s saw Jamaica heading towards another crisis. By 1930, there were four thousand (4,000) Chinese immigrants in Jamaica. For example, the distress caused by a world-wide economic depression, the ruin of the banana industry by the Panama industry Disease, falling sugar prices, growing unemployment aggravated by the curtailment of migration opportunities and a steeply rising population growth rate. It was this set of freed slaves and their descendants who became known as the Maroons. She has suffered earthquake, famine, pestilence, fire and death: and she has been the home of cruel merciless slavery, hardly second to that practised by the Spaniards themselves. As many former plantations went bankrupt, some land was sold to Jamaican peasants under the Crown Lands Settlement whereas other cane fields were consolidated by dominant British producers, most notably by the British firm Tate and Lyle. He kept the Spaniards busy defending their coasts that they had little time to attack Jamaica. With Cars 1930-40s (8 of 21) → 7 Tower Isle Hotel Side View 1949 real photo More than 430 people were executed or shot, hundreds more flogged and 1,000 dwellings destroyed. Jamaican Estates in 1837 1996-12-23 Four women ordained priests in Jamaica, 1st in 330-year Anglican history; 1997-02-27 Singer Sade (Helen Folasade) arrested in Jamaica for disobeying a police officer; 1997-06-25 Jamaica issues a warrant for singer Sade, who fails to report to court on charges of failure to … Jamaica attained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1962. Tobacco was grown on a large scale as smoking was their most popular pastime. Archaeological finds suggest that the Native American Tainos were the first to settle the island of Jamaica, which they called Xaymaca (meaning 'land of springs' or 'land of wood and water'). The Jamaican Constitution 1962 is the most fundamental legal document in the country, guaranteeing the freedom, rights and privileges of every Jamaican citizen. (An account of the life of the eccentric cleric, who was the most notable White politician of the 1890s. Follow. Th… In 1930, he migrated to England and continued his crusade. On August 6, 1962, at a midnight ceremony witnessed by Britain’s Princess Margaret and U.S. Vice president Lyndon Johnson, the British Union Jack was lowered; the new black, gold and green Jamaican flag was raised and Jamaica became an independent nation. Education, health, and social services were greatly improved. The frequent slave rebellions in the Caribbean was one factor that led to the abolition of the slave trade and slavery. Births, marriages, and deaths, created by civil registration offices in Jamaica. The English settlers concerned themselves with growing crops that could easily be sold in England. Today Kingston is the center of trade, manufacturing, and shipping for the entire nation of Jamaica.. Before the 1692 earthquake, Port Royal, founded in 1518 by the Spanish on a spit of land off what is now Kingston … Emancipation and apprenticeship came into effect in 1834 and full freedom was granted in 1838. Jamaica's political patterns and governmental structure were shaped during two decades of what was called "constitutional decolonization," the period between 1944 and independence in 1962. At times, as is well known, Rastafari rejected the authority and institutions of the colonial state in Jamaica. Jamaican Surnames ... Arthur Isaacs and brother Charley. Jamaica, Civil Registration Birth, Marriage, and Death Records, 1878-1995: 7,817,431: Jamaica, Church of England Parish Register Transcripts, 1664-1879 Out of these disturbances came the formation of the first labour unions and the formation of the two major political parties. In the 1930s, the political leader Marcus Garvey, who led the … 1 (876) 926-3590-4 President of the Jamaica Government Railway Employees Union from 1942 until its merger with other unions in 1948, he was a Vice President of the Trade Union Congress of Jamaica from 1949 to 1953. Read our. Minister of Health and Wellness, Dr. the Hon. They first settled in the St. Ann’s Bay area. It is a story of resilience and diversity, written by Jamaicans who are world changers and global luminaries. The famous Port Royal earthquake of June 7, 1692 was perhaps our largest and most damaging natural disaster. The full-page newspapers, dating back to 1834, are searchable by keyword and date, making it easy for you to quickly explore historical content.