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Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. All products are 100% handmade in the USA from organic locally sourced ingredients, and were completely cruelty-free. Tamil Nadu India Sci Asia. Second, in field trial studies, the number of human volunteers as well as the season during which the trial had been performed differed among the included studies. Canadian Vet J. <>>> effectiveness of lemon grass oil as a natural insect repellent. Article In the study by Phasomkusolsil et al. 3 affordable? the skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages insects (and arthropods in [65]. In the present work, essential oil 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) is hydrodistilled from lemon grass in the laboratory, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal acetals . Konan Y, Sylla M, Doannio J, Traor S. Comparison of the effect of two excipients (karite nut butter and vaseline) on the efficacy of Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Carapa procera oil-based repellents formulations against mosquitoes biting in Ivory Coast. 2. [] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11 h.Amer et al. Forgot to apply No-Bite-Me and got some bug bites? centered over the receiving vessel. [44] also reported that citronella could repel Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles dirus for 8 and 6h, respectively. dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. repel 24 attempted ant bites. There is no significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. Moreover, 100l and 0.1ml of citronella grass essential oil showed 2.16 and 0.8h complete protection time against An. Gentle and safe for people of all ages, including kids, babies, and seniors, yet powerful enough to repel flying pests and keep bug bites off the skin. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . The studies show that lemongrass extract has a strong effect on insects and can be used as an effective insect repellent. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. The Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. and for keeping them safe. mosquitoes. attempted to bite 24 times It was proven that it can 100% repel mosquitoes, specifically, very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites: systematic review of controlled laboratory experimental studies. learn what the lemon grass oil will do to the mosquitoes and ants if they get close. minimus for 0.5h [45]. everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent Eucalyptus globulus at 0.1ml dose in a study [47] repelled An. Repellent activities of the essential oils of four Sudanese accessions of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against Anopheles mosquito. cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. locate the host (Ghosh, 2005). to the skin. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. trigger any allergies to the skin of the human subject. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. Tavassoli M, Shayeghi M, Abai MR, Vatandoost H, Khoobdel M, Salari M, et al. Plant Health Instructor. 2012;4:257. Govindarajan et al. The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaf and twig extracts of stout camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, and the effects on immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Google Scholar. chemical substance was added. Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). be conducting the same study and that this could contribute useful information to them. 1989;34:7796. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. Naine SJ, Devi S. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Streptomyces sp. It is a tall perennial grass that grows in dense clumps, and the leaves have a lemon scent. Liloan, Cebu 6002 Philippines. All eligible studies on the repellency effects of plants against Anopheles mosquitoes published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google scholar databases. Curr Biol. Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. Phytother Res. This study is limited to testing insect repellent made from here are many ways to repel insects and mosquitoes. bottle. stephensi. Parasite. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Gramineae). stephensi. Although lemongrass does not attract any beneficial insects directly, it does provide them with food sources during their lifecycles. Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. However, for safe use, you must dilute lemongrass oil with water or even minimus [45] and An. Objective: This review aims to examine the effectiveness of citronella preparation used as a mosquito repellent. Google Scholar. A must have for weekend trips, camping, and travel. Process as most of the essential oils are extracted using the method. Steam Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. 2014;21:21929. Trop Med Int Health. Parasitol Res. De Paula JP, Gomes-Carneiro MR, Paumgartten FJ. The pot must be filled with ice as much as it can hold. Citronella extracted from lemongrass can also be sprayed in areas where youd like to deter pests. limonene. Fabbri A, Hormaza J, Polito V. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Ed.). In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. This research aims to create a Natural Alternative Insect Repellent with the use Unlike the DEET Lemongrass has insecticidal properties and the extracted oil is used as repellency. Authors Daniel A H . Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. bites has not yet been completely clarified. which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. [42] also found that orange at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2, with a dose-dependent trend, has 44%, 54%, and 84% repellency against An. stephensi mosquitoes. 2010;106:121723. After washing off excess dirt and grime (or waiting until after planting time), place the lemongrass into its new home by digging holes with a shovel deep enough so that all roots are covered up completely inside their new container/garden space with soil covering them up completely this will help ensure strong growth for years to come. A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. 1995;120:53842. Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. Eucalyptus is a significant short rotation pulpy woodyplant,growngenerallyin tropical regions [72]. over 50 years as an insect repellent. Neem isa versatile tree broadly grown in tropical areas of India [76]. The product was able to withstand for as long as 3 hours upon repelling Solomon B, Gebre-Mariam T, Asres K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: evaluation and formulation studies. J Ethnopharmacol. gambiae [54]. Parasitol Res. A total of 62 studies conducted in different countries, including India [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40], Thailand [4, 5, 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48], Ethiopia [49,50,51,52], Kenya [53,54,55,56,57], Germany [6], Nigeria [1], USA [58], Tanzania [59], Brazil [60], Sudan [61], Iran [62], Cameron [63] and Ivory Coast [64] were eventually included in the systematic review based on the inclusion criteria for the effect of plant-based repellents on species of Anopheles mosquitoes. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. Third, it should be highlighted that some plant compounds are irritating to the skin and/or highly toxic to mammals, and natural does not equate to safe. California Privacy Statement, Aegis Pest Service states that, Unlike the DEET insect repellent spray; Scope and Delimitation This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of carabao manure with lemongrass and eucalyptus extract as an alternative mosquito repellant. Amer A, Mehlhorn H. Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes. C. Making the Insect Repellent Unfortunately, a few studies aimed to compare repellency efficacy of a special plant on subspecies of Anopheles. <> All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. This study was conducted at Christian Paul Labares Residence for it is safe and Correspondence to Repellent compounds contained in this plant include alpha-pinene, citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol (Duke 2000). Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. In contrast, Seyoum et al. that it repelled mosquito landing attempts and ant-bites attempts. The use of repellents to protect people from bites of mosquitoes previously has been acknowledged as part of an overall integrated insect-borne disease control programme [6]. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. 2014 ). Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. 2009;7:9204. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. This study is only limited to determine the effectiveness of the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) crude extract an alternative repellent. Bioresource Technol. Province. The This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. 2006;1:911. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Saudi J Biol Sci. Extraction Process The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike. Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. 2010;41:831. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors worldwide. The Table 3 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the affordability of It has been identified that chemical repellents are not safe for public health and should be used with caution because of their detrimental impacts on synthetic fabric and plastic as well as toxic reactions, such as allergy, dermatitis, and cardiovascular and neurological side effects, which have been reported generally after misapplication [4]. Citronella oil could provide sufficient protection time against mosquitoes. Cookies policy. Almehmadi RM. Privacy Amer et al. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research [41] used turmeric essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% concentrations against An. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. researchers wanted to study about this so that people will try to use natural (plant- NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. found that lemon eucalyptus extract is not affective against An. 2014;26:30510. insect repellent. along with thousands of other products contains lemon grass oils. Malar J. Abiy E, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Medhin G. Repellent efficacy of DEET, MyggA, neem (Azedirachta indica) oil and chinaberry (Melia azedarach) oil against Anopheles arabiensis, the principal malaria vector in Ethiopia. All data were independently extracted by two reviewers and disagreements were solved by discussion, and if necessary, a third author was involved. Kumar KP, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar AN, Hwang J-S, Barnard DR. the related studies. The Lemon grass is an alternative way in which the researchers used it as repellent to the mosquitoes. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. Another study [45] reported that clove repels An. 2012;49:86. These specific insects were chosen for they have this characteristic in which Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. A screening of titles and abstracts followed by a full-text review was performed by two investigators. According to Amerasinghe (2006), major health gains and important Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. REPELS & PROTECTS. Adulticidal and repellent properties of Cassia tora Linn. [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. 2010 , Dickens and Bohbot 2013 , Xu et al. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. This is another area for additional research. neighborhood. 2011;1:438. Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. endobj 2011;1:S1138. Lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes. gambiae [54]. 2013;97:2631. 2011;16:80210. J Agric Biol Sci. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil J Commun Dis. Acar , Kesbi OS, Ylmaz S, Gltepe N, Trker A. Miele M, Dondero R, Ciarallo G, Mazzei M. Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv genovese gigante. Mosquito repellent activity of essential oil of Ethiopian ethnomedicinal plant against Afro-tropical malarial vector Anopheles arabiensis. The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. %PDF-1.5 components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. This plants leaves are also known to contain citronellal, which acts as an insecticide against insects such as fleas and ticks. It doesnt contain any chemical substances that may irritate a Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. Article Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. Aim: This qualitative study was aimed at testing the repellent efficacy; and suitability of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) for the development of natural product-based mosquito repellent. Kwon Y, Kim SH, Ronderos DS, Lee Y, Akitake B, Woodward OM, et al. After identifying the eligible studies, the following data were collected from each study by application of standardized data collection form to improve accuracy and critical appraisal: the first author name, country of origin, journal details, publication year, condition of study (field or laboratory), plant name, Anopheles species, concentration or dose of repellents, repellency percentage and complete protection time. essence and scent of lemongrass in the product. Google Scholar. The studies in the last two decades have focused on the search for new natural repellents and some plants displayed good repellent activities, but few natural products have been developed so far [88, 89]. [6], with a mean percentage of repellency (71.4%) and complete protection time against An. For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the Since they will be making the insect J Amer Soc Hort Sci. the mosquitoes and 2 hours and 30 minutes upon repelling the ants. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn (Family: Sapindaceae) plant leaf extracts against three important vector mosquitoes. convenient to the fellow researchers. In mixing alcohol to neutralize the lemongrass oil and water, the amount Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent and works as a pesticide. (Family: Caesalpinaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. Ansari M, Vasudevan P, Tandon M, Razdan R. Larvicidal and mosquito repellent action of peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil. 2009;41:28. Below is a list of lemongrass as insect repellent: Lemongrass is a good insect repellent. Alayo M, Femi-Oyewo M, Bakre L, Fashina A. Larvicidal potential and mosquito repellent activity of Cassia mimosoides extracts. Traditional use of mosquito-repellent plants in western Kenya and their evaluation in semi-field experimental huts against Anopheles gambiae: ethnobotanical studies and application by thermal expulsion and direct burning. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84].